bowling



F.1. DowLlNG. LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25, 1919.

Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET lf d INI/EN TOI? ggf) A UUR/VE V8 l/lS | (lllllll HHH!"HAL l l l l F. I. BOWLING.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25| |919.

Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- /N VEN TUR A TTOHNE! WIT/VESSEL? Ma/EM UNITED STATES'PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS J'. BOWLING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 9, 1,921.

Application filed April 25,` 1919. Serial N0. 292,540.

' like.

Among the objects of the invention is to provide a lock having safetymeans for the purpose of preventing the surreptitious opening of a doorlocked thereby, by a j immying action. t

Another object of the invention is to provide for a lock a safety meansserving automatically to close the key openingin the event ,that the keybarrel be severed from the lock. y

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide a means whereby thesliding or bolt portion of the lock may be held in either o'l' twodifferent positions independent of the jamb devices, one of whichpositions is for the purpose of holding the bolt projected in positionto be further projected by the door j amb while the other position is toprevent cooperation with the door jamb device.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists inthe arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described andclaimed, and while the invention is not restricted to the exact detailsof construction disclosed or suggested herein, still for the purpose ofillustrating a practical embodimentthereof reference is had to theaccompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate thesame parts in the several views, and in which- Figure 1 is a iace Viewor elevation of one `form of my improved lock indicating its position onthe inside of the door, a portion of the lock casing being broken away;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on 2-2 oi Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking in theopposite direction from 1l`ig. 1. Y

the line Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on` the line 4-4 ofFig. 2. r

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the safety plate.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of my improved night latch keeper as it wouldAbe seen from the plane of the line 64-6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation partly in section of the bolt structure onthe line 7-7 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal sectional detail onthe line 8 8 ofFigs' 2, the j amb devices being omitted, though with the bolt heldprojected in its intermediate stage.

Fig. 9 is a vertical longitudinal section of a modiiied forni of theinvention:` i

Figs. 10 and 11 are side and edge views respectively of the i'orm oflatch lkeeper ot' Fig. 9.

Fig. 12L is a longitudinal section of a'iurther modification on the line12-12 oi Fig. 13, indicating that adaptation of my invention suitablefor cupboard doors, refrigerators, bookcases or the like; and

Fig. 13 is a longitudinalsection on thel line 13--13 of Fig. 12.

Referring now more specifically to the iirst ksetoi" figures I show alock adapted espe-l cially for the entrance doors oiz apartments,dwellings, stores, or the like, controllable by a knob or its equivalenton the inside and av key on the'outside. 'This lock'comprises a Y casing15 including an inner plate 16 adapted to be secured by any convenientyor well known means to the inner surface of the door D adjacent to itsstriking'edge CZ. IA wish to state, however, that the lock maybe adaptedfor use as a mortise lock without departing materially from theprincipal featuresk of novelty and henceI do not wish t-o be limited inthe use ot the lock to that illustrated. The lock casing includes also asort of hood 17 projecting beyond the striking edge of the door, thesame being cut away on the inner along the door amb J.

face at 17 except at the top and bottom Registering with the cut-away 17whenA the door is closed is azstrong platelS carrying one or morerigidhorns 19 in the form of horizontal hooks adapted to project throughthe cut-away 17 Vand into the hood portion 17 of the casingbetweenv theouter portion oi' the hood and an inner wall 20 having a concave4 seat21, the vertical, aXis of whose concavity isl substan tially` central ofthe casing and about in .alinement with the striking edge ofthedoor. LAswill be appreciated from Fig. 2the horns are provided with bevels 22vsloping toward thewally and away 'from the door andhaving recesses 23on the side thereof remote from ther door.

rlhe bolt structure in the principal forms of the invention comprisestwo parallel bolts 24 slidable horizontally or longitudinally of Ytherein through which guide rods 28 lixed to the wall 20 projectadjacent to the upper and lower edges of the casing. A pair of stiffcoil springs 29 surround the guide `rods 28 and, bearing against thewall 20 at one end and the bar 26 attheother end, tend to hold the boltretracted into the casing. The outer ends of the bolt members 24 carry abar 30 having adrivin'g lit in ther ends of the bolt members and adaptedto seat in the concave seat 2l of thecasing wall 20, when the bolt is inits innermost retracted position and in which position the door may beopened or closed freely without copeiation 26 and the plate 43 and tendsto hold the between the bar 30 and the horns 19.

VlVhereas in anordinary lockthe bolt is projected outward from thecasing for locking it and is retracted into the casing for unlocking, inmyv improved lock the reverse action obtains and the bolt is projectedout-r ward bringing the. bar"30 into coperation with the beveledsurfaces 22 of the horns so that when the door is being closed the boltbar 30 will ride over the beveled surfaces 22 causingthe bolt to beprojected still farther into the casing into-locking position, and so tounlock the door the bolt must be given anv outward movement rather thanan inward movement. y.It will be noted that the bolt has threepositions, namely, an unlocked or retracted position, an outer korprojected position and an intermediate or locked position. A

The manipulation of the bolt may be ei'- feeted either by means of aknob 31 journaled at 32 in the wall 33 of the casing l5 and connected toa gear 34 lwithin the casing, or it may be manipulated from the outsideof the -door by the insertion of'a key of any well known type into abarrel 35 which carries an inwardly projecting key bar 36 projectableinto a slot 37 formed in a bracket 3,8 upon which are journaled a. pairof gears 39 and 40. See Fig. These gears have cooperating 1lugs, 4lacting as positive stops limiting the rotation ofthe gears in onedirection, and at their upper and lowery extremities they are providedwith lugs 42ad`apted to bear against a plate 43 guided loosely upon theinner ends of the guidebars 28 while a central bar 44 fixed to theoenterjf the plate 43 isV guided outward through. the center f theboltubar 26 and havingatjitsrepposite enda cross head 45. T l'iev gear34 meshes with aA lgear 46journaled upon a stud 47 on the casing wall33. These gears 34 and 46 have lugs 4S corresponding with the aforesaidlugs 42 to the lugs 42 of the outer pair of (fears and are adapted forlcoperatioii with the loose plate 43 when the knob 3l is turned.

At 49 l show a pair of horizontal abutment members iiXed in'parallelplanes one above the other on the inner surface of the wall 2O justabove and below the bolt elements 24 respectively. 50 indicates upperand lower dogs pivoted` at 5l to said bolt elements respectively, thedogs being countersunk in recesses52 formed in the sides of the bolts.rIhese dogs are in the nature of bell cranks to one Varm of each ofwhich is pivoted at 53 the crosshead 45 of the releasing mechanism. Tothev free endof each dog 59 is pivotally connected a pin 54 slidablethroughthe bolt member 24 and having a head 55 adapted to seat in acountersink in that side of the bolt adjacent to the other pin facingthe opposite bolt. A spring 56 surrounds the releasing bar 44between thebar 'result of the forcing` loose of the bairel and bar portions or thelock giving direct access to themember having the slot 37 ,so that byintroducing a screw driver or the like inward through the barrel openingand into the slot 37 the lock may be opened. To avoid this objection lprovide a safety plate 57 having the lower end thereof at 53 bearingupon the rotatable barrel or thebar projecting therefrom. lf kthe barreland key bar 36 shouldbe withdrawn the plate 57 will drop down betweenthe bracket 3S and the casing wall 16 closing the opening andfrustrating the attempt to introduce a tool into the lock, y The upperend of the plate is provided with ears 59 which limit the downwardmovement of the plate by striking against the bracket 38. V

y The member 60 may be termed a keeper or night latch device. but inthek forni of the invention shown in the first set of figures thiskeeper is designed particularly for holding the bolt device temporarilyin the outer of the ltwo positions earlier described so as toengage withand slideover the beveled surfaces 22 of the horns when the dooi is tobe locked. For this purpose the lugs 6l connected tothe.. upper andlower yends of the keeper are brought down into notches 62l Ymembershave been projected to such position by turning the knob 31 or the key.The outer ends of the notches 62 consist ozt' square shoulders 66 whilethe inner edges are beveled at 67. When the parts are adjusted as shownin Fig. 8 the lugs 61 located in the notches 62 will bear against thesquare shoulders 66 and prevent the springs 29 from forcing the bar 30into the concave seat 2751. Hence when the door is closed thereafter thebar 30 will be engaged by the horns and carried outwardly and theninwardly into the locked Yposition shown in Fig. 2. The beveledshoulders 67 will not prevent this outward movement of the bolt membersand will cause the moving of the latch 60 into idle position where itwill be held by friction between the plate 64 and the casing s0 thatwhen the door is then unlocked again the ybolt bar 30 may be retractedinto its innermost position out of coperation with the keeper hooksassuming that this lock is attached to a door fitted with an automaticcloser and the door is to be kept unlocked during the day or for anyother length of time there will be no interlocking or coperating actionbetween the bar 30 and the horns so long as the latch keeper ismaintained in its idle position.

In view of the foregoing specific description of th-e mechanism theoperation of the devices thus far described may be briefly set forth asfollows: Following the description according to Fig. 8 the closing ofthe door will cause the locking thereof in the manner shown in Fig. 2 atwhich timerigid pins 68 carried by the angle plate with their axesparallel to the direction of movement of the door will be received intoholes 69 formed in the inner wall portions of the overhanging hoods 17.While these pins are` not absolutely necessary to the proper operationof f the lock they coperate with the other features to make the lockmore effective in practice. The pins prevent movement of the lock casingin a direction parallel to the face of the door. The horns 19 beingrigid and having positive interlocking coperation with the bar 30prevent movement of the lock directly away from the jamb which ever, thedoor is tobe unlocked by an authorized `person by means of a key fromthe outside or by the turning of the knob 31 on. the inside the plate 43is `lirst projected toward the bar 26 by either thelugs 48 or 42 andagainst the :torce ot the spring 56, which being weaker than the springs29 will cause the swinging of' the dogs 50 around their pivots 51 andthe withdrawing of the nose pieces 54 out of position to engage theabutments 49. Consequently the continued movement of the opening device,the key or the knob, against the torce of the springs 29 will cause'thebar 30 to be carried outward from the undercut seats 23 of the horns sosetting free the door to swing on its hinges. The hood 17 may be omittedso far as the practical operation of the lock is concern-ed, but by itsuse a neater iinish is afforded to the structure. After the door hasbeen Vopened as just described the keeper 60 will be in its elevated oridle position, and if the lock is to be retained in its idle positionthe springs 29 will force the bar 30 back into its seat 21 where it willremain Vuntil it is desired to again lock the door. ln this conditionthe door may be opened freely from the inside by pulling upon the knob,or from the outside by an inward push. From the torcgoing it will beunderstood that the locking bolt is adapted to occupy with respect tothe casing any one of three distinct stages, namely, the idle stagewherein the bar 30 lies in the cavity 21 allowing the door to swing'freely without locking or catching; secondly, the locking orintermediate position as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, and thirdly, theproj ected position as indicated in Fig. 8. ln the locking orintermediate position the members 54 cooperate' with the abutments 49and prevent such movement ot the bolt as would permit jimmying of thedoor, but in the intermediate stage or Fig. 8 the members occupy aposition between the ends of the abutments 49 and the cavity 1 so as topermit the bolt to move upward freely as it' wipes over the faces 22 ofthe horns.

rlhe structure of Figs. 9, 10 and 11 is in the main similar to thatalready described with respect to the bolt members 24, the horns 19, theplate 18 and the bar 30 carried by the bolt members. The casing isprovided with rigid abutments 7 O which limit the inward movement oi thebolt members to the locking position as shownin F 9. A pair of guiderods 28a are fixed to the inner end of the bolt members and have securedto their other ends a plate 43 through which the turning of the barrel35Fby a key or otherwise will cause the projection of the boltmembersfor unlocking the same from the horns, against the force of mainsprings 29a arranged around the rods 28n and located between the plate43a and a plate 71 slipped loosely upon therods 28a and abutting againstthe abutment '79. rlhis form of the invention is provided also with thesame safety plate 57 above described for the closing of the key barrelopening in case the barrelshould beiorced out of piace.

The night latch keeper 60 of this form of the invention differs somewhatin that its lugs 6ln have positive cooperation in notches 62 formed inthe bolt members 2l?, there being provided square shoulders G6 on bothsides of the keeper and so positioned that when the bolt bar 30 is ininterlocking or set position the keeper will not engage but when thebolt is to be held projected to prevent locking of the door the keeperis slipped into place between the shoulders, so that the bar will bepositioned outward beyond and pass clear or' the horns in the normalopening and closing of the door. rThe key operated member 35a hasconnected to it a pair of arms 72 terminating' in lugs 73 engaging overthe face of the plate L13 remote from the bolt so that when the keydevice is turned in either direction the bolt will be projector andunlocked from the horns.

1n each oi' the principal forms of the invention the bolt in lockingposition is held positively by means auxiliary to the hook shaped hornsfrom movement with respect to the casing, and consequently any attemptto jimmy the door will not only be i'rustrated but will fail to evencause the pulling oi the bolt out ot the casing or what might be termedthe stretching of the bolt due to its interlocking engagement with thehorns. l am aware that it is not broadly new to provide a door look inwhich the bolt has an inherent tendency to retract toward the easing`for locking purposes, but so tar as l have been advised believe it isbroadly new to provide a lock having a bolt of this type having meansauxiliary to the bolt to make the lockingthereof positive so as toresist any jimmying tendency to spread the door from the jamb. Moredefinitely stated in the first form or" the invention such stretchingaction of the bolt is resisted both by the pins 68 and the abutment-sl19, while in the second main form of the invention such tendency isresisted by the pins G8. iliTithout the pins, however cooperating withthe hood or casing projection in the simpler form of the invention shownin the drawings on sheet 2, there would be but a limited amount olfstretchingoi` the bolt because ot the engagement between the hood andthe bar 30 constituting a portion of the bolt means.

1n the simpler formof the device shown in Figs. 12 and 13 the casing- 15is provided with a simple slot 7 4 through which the knob shank 75projects and threaded over a tixed bar 76 i'ixed to a portion 77 oithe'casing. The bolt members 24"` are combined with the bar member 30band are projected by the sliding movement of the finger piece along theslot 74C and against the force of a spring 29" surrounding the rod 76and bearing at the striking edge oic the door, bolt means carried by thecasing and projecting beyond the door within the projecting portion ofthe casing and movable inward automatically with resi ect to the casinginto locking position, means carried by the casing to control themovement of the bolt means, a stationary plate for the door jamb, andrigid means carried by the plate and projecting therein-omperpendicular' to 'the plane oiE the door for cooperation with said boltmeans and the casing projection whereby relative movement between thevcasing, the bolt means and the plate is prevented in every directionwhen the door is locked.

2. 1n door lock, the combination of a casing having an integralextension projecting` beyond the striking edge of the door, a boltmovable in the casing and projecting into the extension the outerportion or" the extension lying` in the path of movement oit the boltand serving` thereby to limit the outward movement thereof, a rigidstationary member for the jamb toward which the casing extension moveswhile the door is being closed and rigid hook means carried by saidstationary member around and with which the bolt interlocks within thecasing extension by movement toward the casing, and means within thecasing to control the movements of the bolt.

3. a door lock, the combination of a cas-r sta ionary member, a boltmovable in the cas-Y ing. means to cause the bolt to move inward withrespect to the casing and engage in interlocking position around saidhorn, and rigil means auxiliary to the bolt and horn to positivelyprerent the stretching of the bolt 'trom theV casing by a jimmyingaction.

el.. ln a doorv lock, the combination ol a casing for the'door, astationary member for the jamb5 a hook shaped horn iiXed rigidly to thestationary member, a bolt movable in the casing, means to cause the boltto move inward with respect to the casing and enga-ge in interlockingposition around said horn., rigid means vcarried within the casingauxiliary to the bolt'to lock the bolt in iiXed position with respect tothe casing when the bolt is interlocked over the horn7 and manual meansto unlock the bolt from the horn, said manual means acting initially torelease said auxiliary means, while a continued movement of the manualmeans will effect the unlocking o'l the bolt.

5. The herein described door lock comprising a casing, a relativelystationary member cooperating therewith, a bolt iitted slid ably in thecasing, said stationary member having a horn, means acting upon the boltto automatically retract it toward and into the casing, means actingupon the bolt to causo it to engage over the horn on the side thereoi2remote from the casing under the force oi said automatic retractingmeans during the locking action, means auxiliary to the bolt and hornserving to prevent unauthorized outward movement oi the bolt withrespect to ythe casing, and manual means to unlock the bolt froml thehorn, said manual means acting initially to release said auxiliarymeans, while a continued movement oi the manual means will effect theunlocking oit the bolt..

6. ln a door lock, the combination of a casing, a bolt slidable therein,spring means acting upon the bolt tendin to retract the same into thecasing, rigid means around and over which th bolt engages and interVlocks when moved inward into locking position, said rigid means havin" iinclined face, and a latch l eeper cooperac ng with the bolt to hold itin an intermediate position tor engagement with the inclined tace ofsaid rigid means and thereby cause said bolt t move outward over saidrigid means, said latch keeper being automatically released from itsholding position by said outward movement of the bolt.

7. ln a door lock, the combination with a casing, bolt means movablycarried within the casing and means acting through the casing upon thebolt means to control the action thereof and including a key barreland'lrey bar extension, or a safety member within the casing movableautomatically into position to close the opening for the key barrel andkey bar extension in the event oi' the barrel being forced from itsposition. Y

S. ln a door lock, he combination with a casing, bolt means movabletherein and means to control the movements or the bolt including a keybarrel and key bar extension therefrom extending` through one side orthe casing, o1 means to bar access to the interior of the casing in theevent oi the removal of the key barrel and bar extension, said meansincluding a plate movable amtomaticallyv into position to close theopening leading to the interior of the casing.

9. 1n a door lock, the combination oi a. casing, movable locking membersincluding a normally spring retracted bolt carried therein, means tocontrol the action of the locking members, and a stationary jamb plateagainst which a portion of the casing is adapted to abut, means carriedby said jamb plate interlocking` with said spring retracted bolt to lockthe door from movement in door opening direction, said jamb plate andcasing having interlocking pins and holes to prevent relative movementbetween the casing and plate at an angle to said door opening direction.j

lO. 1in a door lock, the combination of a casing to be carried by aswinging door and having a hood portion projecting beyond the strikingedge or' the door, a bolt member slidable in the casing in a planeparallel to the door, the direction of movement of the bolt beinginwardly with respect to the casing in locking action, means to controlthe action of the bolt member, a stationary plate adapted to be lined tothe jamb and against which the projecting portion of the casing isadapted to strike when the door is closed and means projecting from saidstationary plate yinterlocking with said bolt to lock said door when thebolt is moved to a. locked position, said projecting portion o thecasing having a hole and the plate having a pin which is received insaid hole when the door is closed, the axis oi the pin beingperpendicular to the plane of the door whereby the casing and plate areinterlocked tcprevent movement oi the casing in any direction in theplane oithe door.

il. ln a door lock, the combination 01"' a casing having along its edgesprojecting hood portions and between whichis a cutaway, bolt meanscarried by the casing and pro jecting into the cutaway between thehoods, means carried by the casing to control the movement of the boltmeans, a ystationary plate for kthe door jamb and rigid means carried bythe plate and projecting there- Jrom perpendicular to the plane oi thedoor for cooperation with said bolt means and the hoods whereby relativemovement between the casing and the plate is prevented in everydirection when the door is locked.

12. ln a door lock, the combination of a casing, a stationary member, amember carried by the stationary member and rigid with respect thereto,a bolt movable in the casing and adapted with respect thereto to occupythree distinct stages including an idle, inactive stage, automatic meansto retract the bolt inward from intermediate to locking stage withrespect to the casing to engage in interlocking position around saidrigid stationary member, and means cooperating with the bolt and movableautomatically into position to hold the bolt in locking stage.

